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The Treaty for Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China〔''Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China and the Regulation of Related Matters'', Jan. 11, 1943, U.S.-China, (57 Stat. ) 767, T.S. No. 984, 6 Bevans 739, (10 U.N.T.S. ) 261.〕 was a bilateral treaty signed by the United States and the Republic of China on January 11, 1943. It became effective on May 20, 1943 following the mutual exchange of ratifications pursuant to Article VIII. After the United States declared war upon Japan on Dec. 8, 1941, the governments of the United States and United Kingdom mutually decided that it would be advantageous to end extraterritoriality and the unilateral privileges in China that had been granted by the "unequal treaties." Extraterritoriality was thus ended, making citizens of the United States and United Kingdom in China subject to Chinese law, as well as the existence of treaty ports and their autonomous foreign settlements, legation quarters, and the right to station foreign warships in Chinese waters and foreign troops on Chinese territory.〔Jules Davids, Jonathan M. Nielson, "(Extraterritoriality, China )," (Encyclopedia of the New American Nation ) (accessed February 7, 2015)〕 ==Background== After war was declared between the United States and Japan in December, 1941, the United States became China's ally but could not send military aid on the large scale needed. Japanese officials justified their conquests by claiming that Japan was liberating Asia from Western imperialism and that Westerners were racist and exploitative. A high official in the U.S. Department of State warned that "the Chinese are becoming increasingly disappointed and resentful" and that some Chinese were "beginning to talk of the possibility of China ceasing to be an active belligerent.... " Former U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull, although not in the inner circle on policy toward China, turned his attention to negotiating a treaty to end the privileges granted over the previous century. The treaty passed the United States Senate unanimously. In close coordination with the United States, the United Kingdom and China also established the Sino-British Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China, a corresponding treaty with China serving essentially the same purpose. In Chongqing, China's wartime capital, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek declared that with the signing of the treaties, "an independent China on equal footing" has become "a real friend" of Great Britain and the United States. Henceforth, Chiang concluded, "if we are weak, if we lack self-confidence, the fault will be ours." The official press praised Chiang. One newspaper said that the treaties made the Unequal Treaties into no more than "a stack of waste paper," and bragged that if it were not for our Party and for Sun Yat-sen and Generalissimo Chiang the treaties would still be in force. The leftist and communist press reacted quickly. They praised the efforts of the Communist Party in creating the United Front and claimed that the party had been a leader in the struggle for national liberation. In December, 1943, in response to some of the same pressures which brought about the end of extraterritoriality, the Senate passed the Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act which ended the formal and legal exclusion of Chinese from immigration to the United States. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Treaty for Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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